篇一：教科版2015秋九年级思想品德1～3单元试题(阅读卷、答题卷)
教科版2015年秋
九年级思想品德1～3单元试题（阅读卷）
一、单项选择题（以下各小题只有一个最符合题意的答案，请将其选出填在答题卷相应的表格内。每小题2分，共30分）
1．央视的《中国汉字听写大会》首播后就登顶微博热门话题榜，随即全国兴起了“国学热”这是因为：
A．汉字是世界上最优美的文字 B．中华文化博大精深
C．只有传统文化才值得学习D．中华文化是世界上最有魅力的文化
2．国家主席习近平提出要实现中华民族伟大复兴的“中国梦”，必须走“中国道路”。这里的“中国道路”是指
A．自我革新道路 B．改革开放道路
C．中华民族复兴道路 D．中国特色社会主义道路
3．以爱国主义为核心的中华民族精神的内容包括
①团结统一 ②爱好和平 ③勤劳勇敢 ④自强不息
A．①②③ B．②③ C．①②③④D．①②④
4．在社会主义初级阶段，我国社会的主要矛盾是
A．发展经济与保护环境之间的矛盾
B．人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产之间的矛盾
C．物质文明与精神文明建设之间的矛盾 D．改革开放与闭关自守的矛盾 5．毛泽东在《沁园春?雪》中写到“惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。一代天骄，成吉思汗，只识弯弓射大雕。俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。”这表达了诗人
①坚定的自信和伟大的抱负 ②对中国封建皇帝的崇拜 ③对中国封建帝王的评判 ④对中国革命必胜的信心
A.①②B.①④
C.③④D.②③
6．党的十七大以来，我国社会生产力和综合国力显著提高，人民生活水平和社会保障水平显著提高，国际地位和国际影响力显著提高。国内生产总值从26.6万亿元增加到51.9万亿元，跃升到世界第二位。由此，对我国国情可以这样认为
①我国已进入高收入国家行列②我国现在仍处于社会主义初级阶段 ③我国仍是世界最大发展中国家 ④我国社会的主要矛盾已得到根本解决
A.①②③④B.①②③
C.②③④ D.②③
7．滨州市某社区为庆祝党的十八大胜利召开，开展了“品对联，颂党恩”的主题活动。活动中有这样一幅对联：“一家富了不算富，众人富了才幸福。 ”你认为最适合这幅对联的横联是
A.可持续发展 B.依法治国
C.共同富裕 D.改革开放
8.“你有情，我有情，依法诚信纳税献真情；你出力，我出力，促进民生发
展齐努力；你受益，我受益，共享和谐社会最美丽。”可见
①自古税收都是取之于民、用之于民 ②依法诚信纳税，共建和谐社会 ③税收连着你我他，诚信纳税靠大家 ④税收促进发展，发展改善民生
A．①②③ B．②③④
C．①③④ D．①②④
9．2013年5月15日是第23个“助残日”，四川省巴中市政府携社会各界在市特殊儿童学校为残疾儿童进行捐赠活动。下列表述正确的是
①关注弱势群体是政府的职责，也是全社会的职责
②关爱弱势群体是党和政府关注民生、构建和谐美丽巴中的重要举措 ③扶弱济困、乐善好施是我们中华民族的优良传统
④关爱弱势群体是党和政府“民生“工程的重要内容
A. ①②③ B. ①②④
C. ①③④ D. ①②③④
10．关于富而思源、富而思进，下列理解正确的是（ ）
①富而思源就是先富起来的人们要用实际行动回报社会；
②富而思源的反面就是富而忘本；
③富而思进是指富了以后，要与时俱进，不断超越自我；
④富而思源的反面是不思进取。
A．①②③ B．②③④
C．①②④ D．①③④
11．2014年3月5日，李克强总理在《政府工作报告》中指出：要推进教育发展和改革。启动教育扶贫工程，实施农村义务教育薄弱学校改造计划，学生营养改善计划惠及3200万孩子。对集中连片特困地区乡村教师发放生活补助，贫困地区农村学生上重点高校人数比上年增长8.5%。这些措施的依据是
①教育公平是社会公平的重要基础 ②这些措施能彻底解决我国的教育问题 ③教育改革能充分调动教育发展的积极因素
④通过教育可以使每个公民获得平等发展机会
A．①③ B．②④
C．①②③ D．①③④
12．四川大学重视与所在成都市的合作，扮演该市“人才引擎”和“创新高地”的角色，为该市的科技成果转化提供了取之不竭的原始动力,取得了良好的经济效益。这表明
A．加强大学与政府合作就能促进生产力发展
B．科技进步推动了传统工农业生产的现代化
C．依靠科技，促进生产力发展可以创造财富
D．我国科技发展水平在国际上处于最高地位
13．在我国，弱势群体的主体有
①农村贫困人口②城市下岗失业人员③残疾人 ④遭遇灾祸的人
A．①②③B．①② C．①②④D．①②③④
14．现在越来越多的城市对外来务工人员的子女实现了就学的零门槛，表明我国政府
①努力促进社会的公平与正义 ②关注弱势群体的人格尊严 ③尊重弱势群体
的受教育权利 ④采取措施促进教育公平
A．①②③B．②③④C．①②④D．①③④
15．“不要把浪费当成潇洒，你挥霍的是一种修养；不要把节俭看成尴尬，你培养的是一种美德。”这一名言对我们今天树立正确的荣辱观的启示是
A．艰苦奋斗，厉行节俭 B．遵纪守法，反对违法乱纪
C．诚实守信，反对见利忘义 D．辛勤劳动，远离好逸恶劳
二、非选择题(按要求回答问题,写在答题卷上,共4题,共30分)
16．（6分）社会主义使一个充满着文盲和被称为“东亚病夫”的旧中国变成了教育、科学、卫生、体育等各项事业蓬勃发展并取得巨大成果的新中国；使一个有国无防、屡受外国侵略的旧中国变成拥有强大国防力量、有充分安全保障的新中国；使一个没有独立外交和国际地位的旧中国变成能够完全奉行独立自主和平外交政策并在国际上享有崇高威望的新中国。
（1）从上述材料中，你能得出什么结论？（3分）
（2）请再举两例说明你的结论。（3分）
17．（7分）必须更加注重改革的系统性、整体性、协同性，加快发展社会主义市场经济、民主政治、先进文化、和谐社会、生态文明，让一切劳动、知识、技术、管理、资本的活力竞相迸发，让一切创造社会财富的源泉充分涌流，让发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民。
——摘自《中国共产党第十八届中央委员会第三次全体会议公报》
（1）创造财富的源泉有哪些？（3分）
（2）怎样才能让一切创造社会财富的源泉充分涌流，让发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民？（4分）
18．（6分）2013 年1 月16 日, 中国国土资源报副社长在腾讯微博上发起了光盘行动, 即“吃光你盘子里的东西”。“舌尖” 上的行动引起了新一轮关于勤俭节约的讨论。有人认为: “经济发展百姓富裕, 勤俭节约已过时”; 也有人认为: “要向浪费说不, 争做节约达人。” 请你运用思想品德教材九年级第六课《财富中的法与德》中的相关知识评析以上观点。（6分）
19．（11分）材料一：下图为我国恩格尔系数变化情况
注：恩格尔系数是指购买食物的支出在消费总支出中的比例，其数值越小，说明生活越富裕；数值越大，则说明生活水平越低。恩格尔系数在59%以上为贫困，50-59%为温饱，40-50%为小康，30-40%为富裕，低于30%为最富裕。
材料二：2014年3月14日，国务院总理李克强会见中外记者并答记者问时指出，社会关注的热点问题，尤其是民生问题，应该是政府工作的重点，今年要着重继续做三件事，就是保基本、兜底线、促公平。
注：2011年扶贫工作会议提升了扶贫标准，这意味着有更多低收入人群被纳入国家扶贫与救助的范围。我国扶贫开发已经从以解决温饱问题为主要任务的阶段转入巩固温饱成果、加快脱贫致富、改善生态环境、提高发展能力、缩小发展差距的新阶段。
阅读材料，回答下列问题：
(1)从图中可以看出我国现阶段人民生活达到怎样的水平？有何特点？（3分）
(2)党和政府提出在21世纪头20年的奋斗目标是什么？（2分）
（3）根据材料三，分析我国扶贫标准不断提升有什么现实意义。（3分）
(4)请你列举三个近年来我国改善民生、促进社会公平所采取的措施。（3分）
2015年秋
九年级思想品德1～3单元试题
答题卷
学校：＿＿＿＿班级：＿＿＿姓名：＿＿＿考号：＿＿＿得分：＿＿＿
一、单项选择题（以下各小题只有一个最符合题意的答案，请将其选填在
16．（1）从上述材料中，你能得出什么结论？（3分）
答：
（2）请再举两例说明你的结论。（3分）
答：
17．（1）创造财富的源泉有哪些？（3分）
答：
（2）怎样才能让一切创造社会财富的源泉充分涌流，让发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民？（4分）
答：
18．请你运用思想品德教材九年级第六课《财富中的法与德》中的相关知识评析以上观点。（6分）
答：
篇二：2015年一模阅读理解(回答问题)
D. Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答下列问题) (12分)
Smog is a big problem in many Chinese cities. But it seems that besides wearing a mask (口罩), few of us know what has caused the smog and what to do to beat it. Chai Jing, former news anchor with Chinese Central Television, discussed the questions in her documentary Under the Dome (穹顶之下).
The 103-minute film was released on major Chinese video-sharing websites on Feb 28. In the film, Chai visits polluted places and talks to officials and scientists. She concludes that burning too much coal and oil are the main causes of PM2.5 and smog.
To make things worse, according to Chai, the coal and oil we are burning is of poor quality and doesn’t meet the standards (标准) for environmental protection. Therefore Chai says more harmful gas and particles (颗粒) have been produced to pollute the air. To solve the problem, Chai suggests that we should clean our coal and oil or replace(代替) them with cleaner energy such as natural gas.
In her film, Chai also suggested that we should do something to help control smog too. For example, she says we can live a greener life by using more public transportation. Or if we see
things that harm the environment, we will try to stop it. In one scene from the film, Chai saw a dirt mound in a building site exposed in the air, she asked the person in charge to cover it. When she saw a restaurant cooking without any suitable filter facilities (过滤设备), she called the hotline 12369. The restaurant installed the filter a week later.
Chen Jining, the new minister of environmental protection, praised Chai. “This film
encourages ordinary people to care for the environment. This is what we need in the future.”88. Many people in China know the causes of smog, don’t they?
89. How long does the film Under the Dome last ?
90. What are the main causes of PM2.5 and smog?
91. Why does Chai say more harmful gas and particles have been produced to pollute the air ?
92. What energy can replace coal and oil to reduce air pollution?
93. What do you think of Chai’s film? How should we control smog as an ordinary person? (at least two suggestions)
松江区
D. Answer the questions. (根据短文内容回答下列问题) (12分) There is a murder to solve There is a "murderer" among us. You may wonder what is happening. Let me tell you! If you get on the Murder Mystery Lunch train from London's Victoria Station, you will surely meet such an "experience". Passengers take part in a detective game and find the "murderer" on their way to Kent. Before the passengers get on the train, a gentleman named Gray will greet them in front of the train. He is dressed in grey with a cat in his arms. He will be the first actor to meet the passengers. He will have a chat with people and drop some clues.
As soon as the train leaves Victoria Station, a woman will run into the carriage (车厢) and cry, "1 have been stabbed (刺伤)!" Then a young man called Matt will rush into the carriage and shout, " There's been a 'murder'. Don't be frightened!" Then passengers will have time to question the characters, including a detective, a newspaper reporter and a policeman about what's going on. After the meal, all the passengers will sit together and raise their own ideas of the
"murder". Those who are able to solve the case can get a bottle of champagne (香槟) as reward(奖励).
One ticket of the Murder Mystery Lunch train costs about ￡310, including a five-course lunch with champagne and wine. It doesn't sound too expensive. But the question is that it is difficult to book a ticket because the train is too popular nowadays. After all, many people have a detective dream, don't they?
88. The Murder Mystery Lunch train leaves London's Victoria Station, doesn't it?
89. Who will the passengers meet first after they get on the train?
90. How will the passengers deal with the "murder" case after the meal?
91. What will be the reward for those who are able to solve the "murder" case?
92. How much does one ticket of the Murder Mystery Lunch train cost?
93. What do you think of the train travel experience? Why do you think so?
长宁区 D. Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答下列问题) (12分，第88题1分，第89-92题每题2分，第93题3分)
An old carpenter was ready to retire. He told his employer (雇主) of his plans to leave the house building business and live a more relaxing life with his wife and children. He would miss the paycheck, but he needed to retire. They thought they could support themselves for the rest of their life.
The employer was sorry to see his good worker go and asked if he could build just one more house. The carpenter said yes, but in time it was easy to see that his heart was not in his work. He turned to bad workmanship and used poor building materials.
It was an unlucky way to end his working life. When the carpenter finished his work and the employer came to see the house, he handed the front door key to the carpenter. "This is your house," he said, "my gift to you."
What a shock! What a shame! If he had only known he was building his own house, he would have done it all so differently. Now he had to live in the home he had built none too well.
So it is with us. We build our lives in a distracted (不专注的) way, willing to put up less than the best. At important points we do not give the job our best effort. Then with a shock we look at the situation we have created and find that we are now living in the house we have built. If we had realized that, we would have done it differently.
It is the only life you will ever build. Even if you live it for only one day more, that day deserves to be lived with dignity (尊严).
The sentence on the wall reads, "Life is a do-it-yourself project." Who could say it more clearly? Your life today is the result of your attitudes and choices in the past. Your life tomorrow will be the result of your attitudes and choices you make today.
88. The old carpenter lived quite a rich life with his wife and children, didn't he?
89. Why did the old carpenter want to retire?
90. What did the old carpenter's employer ask him to do before he retired?
91. How did the carpenter do the job his employer asked him to do?
92. How did the carpenter feel when he realized that the last house he built
was his home?
93. What does the sentence on the wall mean?
闸北区
D．Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答下列问题) （12分）
The Spirit of Christmas
Many would agree that when we think of Christmas, we probably think of gifts, Christmas trees and Santa Claus. But behind all these things lies the true meaning of Christmas: the importance of sharing and giving love and joy to people around us. The story in A Christmas Carol is perhaps the best example of this.
A Christmas Carol is a famous novel written by Charles Dickens. It is about an old man
named Scrooge who never laughs or smiles. He is mean. He only thinks about himself, and never treats others nicely. He just cares about whether he can make more money and he hates Christmas. One Christmas Eve, Scrooge sees the ghost of Jacob Marley, his dead business partner. Marley used to be just like Scrooge, so he is punished(惩罚) after he dies. He warns Scrooge to change his ways if he doesn?t want to end up like him. He also tells Scrooge to expect three spirits to visit him.
That night, three ghosts visit Scrooge. First, the Ghost of Christmas Past takes him back to his childhood and reminds Scrooge of his happier days as a child. Then the second spirit, the Ghost of Christmas Present, takes him to see how others are spending Christmas this year. Everyone is happy, even poor people. The last one, the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come, takes him to the future. Scrooge sees that he is dead but nobody cares. He is so frightened that he wakes up in his bed and finds out it is already the next morning----Christmas Day!
He decides to change his life and promises to be a better person. He happily celebrates Christmas with his relatives. He also gives gifts to people in need. He now treats everyone with kindness and warmth, spreading love and joy everywhere he goes. And that is the true spirit of Christmas!
88. Who wrote the famous short novel A Christmas Carol?
89. What is the true meaning of Christmas?
90. Why is Jacob Marley punished after he dies?
91. Which ghost takes him to see the happiness of the poor during Christmas this year?
92. Scrooge has a terrible dream before he wakes up on the morning of Christmas Day, doesn?t he?
93. What probably makes Scrooge change his life?
徐汇区
D Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题）
I?d always dreamed of visiting Africa, ever since I read my first Tarzan（人猿泰山）comic as a child. Finally, in 2004, to celebrate my 60th birthday, I went to Tanzania to experience a safari（东非游猎） and climb Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. Seated next to me on the flight was Tanzania?s Minister of Water and Wildlife Development. We talked for thousands of miles, and he arranged me to visit a school. When I arrived at the school, I was shocked. The dirt floors turned into mud during the rainy season, and the
walls couldn?t keep out the heat, cold or bugs(小昆虫). The school was in need of all material goods.
It broke my heart that these children had to try hard to survive, so I asked the headmaster what it would cost to feed them. As little as 20 cents per child per day, he told me.
Immediately I got him, I founded（成立）Kids of Kilimanjaro. Since then we?ve grown to provide hot lunches for nearly 13,000 school children in Tanzania every day. The free lunch program has solved an essential problem the children face.
I know a good education could really make a difference in these children?s lives. My
parents always told me the importance of education. I paid my own way through college in Tokyo by teaching English to students and business people. After attending university I moved to San Francisco, when I was 25 years old. In 1978 I realized my American dream when I founded my own company. My success all started with a good education.
It?s amazing that something as simple as a hot lunch can change so many lives. Giving young people a better, healthier life can encourage them to go all the way through college and lead a change in thier country.
88. How old was the writer when he went to Tanzania for the first time?
89. What made the writer shocked, the poor condition of the school or the poor children?
90. How much would it cost to feed one child a day?
91. How does kids of Kilimanjaro help the school children in Tanzania?
92. Why did the eriter found kids of Kilimanjaro to help the children in Tanzania?
93. What may probably the writer?s purpose of writing this passage?
He_______________________________________________________
普陀区
D. Answer the questions. (12?)
Hi Geoff,
Don?t be shocked about what I?m going to tell you. Last week, I became a parent! Calm down, Geoff. This was only a project we did at school, but let me explain.
Every week, our teacher gives us a new topic to discuss in class. Last Monday, however,
篇三：初一语文阅读理解答题
初一语文阅读理解答题方法及技巧 基础知识：
1.景物描写的作用:渲染气氛,烘托人物心情,推动情节发展,表现人物的品质,衬托中心意思
2.运用描写方法的作用: 表现人物性格,反映作品主题
3.文章题目的作用: 概括内容;揭示主题;提示线索
4.中间句、段的作用: 承上启下的过渡作用
5.结尾议论性句子的作用:总结全文,照应开头,点明中心,深化主题
6. 用自己的话回答问题：
（１）.这种题目往往就是限定不能直接原文中的语句来回答，从另个层面上来说，也就是暗示你原文中有相关语句，所以你首先应该找出原文中的相关语句；
（２）.现在要考虑的就是如何将原文中的语句变成自己的话，可以采用下列方法：
①概括大意法，适用于原文相关句子较长的情况；
②翻译句子法，适用于文言文语段；
③解释重点词法，适用于原文语句中有生僻词；
④变换句式法，适用于原文使用的是疑问、设问、反问的语意未能完全明确的句子，而题目又要求作出明确表达的情况。
7.写作人称的好处:
第一人称,真实可信;第二人称,亲切自然
第三人称,可以多角度描写,不受时间和空间的限制
8.容易弄错的术语：
（1）表达技巧 = 艺术手法=表达方式+表现手法+修辞手法
（2）表达方式= 记叙+描写+抒情+议论+说明
（3）表现手法 = 象征、对比、衬托、烘托、伏笔铺垫、照应（呼应）、直接（间接）描写、扬抑（欲扬先抑、欲抑先扬）、借景抒情、借物喻人（托物言志）……
（4）修辞手法= 比喻、拟人、夸张、排比、反问、设问、引用、反复……
（5）语言特点= 通俗易懂/ 严谨/ 优美、生动、鲜明/ 充满感情色彩（常与修辞手法合用）
9.在哪儿找线索:
标题;反复出现的某个词语或某个事物;抒情议论句
10. 引号的作用：
表引用（引用人物对话、诗文句等）； 表特定称谓（特殊含义）；
表否定、反语、讽刺等意味； 表强调。
1
记叙文阅读：
一、记叙文基础知识：
（一）记叙线索的形式:实物;人物;思想感情变化;时间;地点变换;中心事件
（二）记叙文六要素：时间、地点、人物、事情的起因、经过、结果
记叙文的顺序：顺叙、倒叙、插叙
（三）记叙文第一段的作用:
1）环境描写:点明故事发生的地点,环境,引出下文,为下文情节发展作铺垫
2）其他:开篇点题,奠定全文的感情基调;总领全文或引起下文,为下文情节发展作铺垫
二、语段阅读题答题总原则：
１、快速浏览全篇文章。
答题前应快速浏览文章，弄清文章的人物、事件、结果。可适当做标记
２、带着问题读文章的相应段落。
注意整体把握文章的主要内容和中心意思，找出中心句、主旨句。
开头、结尾、过渡句段、修辞句、抒情议论句画上角标记号。
注意从题干中找出答题关键点，带着问题读文中相应段落。
3、答题。
具体题目涉及到相关段落，要对这些段落反复研读；如涉及全篇，则要再读全文。
运用下文常见答题技巧回答；如无法判断，可摘抄文段原文原句。
字迹工整，卷面干净；可用①②③等序号对答案进行标注。
二、常见题型答题技巧
（一）某句话在文中的作用：
词不离句→句不离段→段不离篇，也就是说一定要结合具体语境来考虑。
1、文首：开篇点题；渲染气氛（记叙文、小说），埋下伏笔（记叙文、小说），设置悬念（小说），为下文作辅垫；总领下文；
2、文中：承上启下（过渡句）；总领下文；总结上文；
3、文末：点明中心（记叙文、小说）；深化主题（记叙文、小说）；照应开头（议论文、记叙文、小说）答题格式：这句话运用了 的修辞手法，
表现了 的特点（使语言更加 ），
表达了 的感情（反映了的形象）。
（二）修辞手法的作用：
可以从2个方面谈：（1）它本身的作用；（2）结合句子语境。
1、比喻、拟人：生动形象；
答题格式：运用 的手法，生动形象地写出了 的 特点。
2
2、排比：有气势、加强语气、一气呵成等；
答题格式：运用排比的手法，强调了 的语气。
3；设问：引起读者注意和思考；
答题格式：使用设问，引起读者对 的注意和思考。
反问：强调，加强语气等；
4、对比：强调了 突出了 。
5、反复：强调了 加强了语气。
（三）根据阅读短文的感受谈自己的看法或体会：
１、用第一人称；
２、采用１＋２或１＋３的形式：先用一句话概括出自己的看法或体会，再用两三句话谈谈理由，可以摆事实、也可以讲道理，如题目有相关要求，还要注意结合自己的亲身经历。
答题格式：我认为（觉得） 。因为。
（四）某句话中某个词换成另一个行吗？为什么？
动词：不行。因为该词准确生动具体地写出了……
形容词：不行。因为该词生动形象地描写了……
副词（如都、大都、非、只有等）：
不行。因为该词准确地说明了……的情况（表程度，表限制，表时间，表范围等），换了后就变成……，与事实不符。
（五）一句话中某两三个词的顺序能否调换？为什么？
不能。因为（1）与人们认识事物的（由浅入深、由表入里、由现象到本质）规律不一致；（2）该词与上文是一一对应的关系；（3）这些词是递进关系，环环相扣，不能互换。
（六）提炼中心、主题：
注意体会本文的主要内容和作者写作本文的目的以及蕴涵在文中的思想感情。
注意一些常用词语，如概括主要内容一般用：本文记叙了……，描写了……，介绍了……，通过……，等等；如概括写作目的和思想感情一般用：表达……、抒发……、赞美……、歌颂……、揭露……、鞭挞……、讽刺……、说明……、揭示……、反映……等
说明文阅读：
一、常见的说明顺序：时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序
常见的说明方法：举例子、列数字、打比方、作比较、下定义、
分类别、作诠释、摹状貌、引用
二、常用的答题技巧：
（一）说明方法及其作用分析题：
答题格式：本句用了 的说明方法，生动形象（具体直观/深入浅出/科学准确）地说明了 （说明内容），
3
使读者。
（二）“××”词好在哪里？
答题格式：用了“××”词，生动地（准确地）说明了……事物的……特征，能够激发读者的兴趣（符合实际情况，具有科学性）。
（三）“××”词能不能删掉？
答题格式：
①不能，用了“××”词，生动地说明了……，能够激发读者的兴趣，去掉就没有这种效果。
②不能，删掉“××”词，句子的意思就变成了……，显得太绝对化；用了“××”词，准确地说明了……，符合实际情况，留有余地，具有科学性。
（四）说明文中的主观题
１、对文中的内容进行简明、准确的改写。如：根据提示给事物下定义、文字图表式处
理、图表文字化、简要概述所举例子等。
２、对文中内容进行合理的补写。如：加标题、结合语境补写句子、对文章说明的对象按要求进行补充说明。３、联系实际举例说明。（要符合文段的说明中心的要求）
４、对文章说明的现象提出合理化建议与设想。（要有科学性，切忌胡编乱造）
５、对语言的表达特色进行评说。（结合说明顺序、说明方法、说明文语言特色来考虑）
语文答题公式
（一）某句话在文中的作用：
1、文首：开篇点题；渲染气氛（散文），埋下伏笔（记叙类文章），设置悬念,为下文作辅垫；总领下文；
2、文中：承上启下；总领下文；总结上文；
3、文末：点明中心（散文）；深化主题（记叙类文章文章）；照应开头（议论文、记叙类文章文、小说）
（二）修辞手法的作用：
（1）它本身的作用；（2）结合句子语境。
1、比喻、拟人：生动形象；
答题格式：生动形象地写出了＋对象＋特性。
2、排比：有气势、加强语气、一气呵成等；
4
答题格式：强调了＋对象＋特性
3；设问：引起读者注意和思考；
答题格式：引起读者对＋对象＋特性的注意和思考
反问：强调，加强语气等；
4、对比：强调了……突出了……
5、反复：强调了……加强语气
（三）句子含义的解答：
这样的题目，句子中往往有一个词语或短语用了比喻、对比、借代、象征等表现方法。答题时，把它们所指的对象揭示出来，再疏通句子，就可以了。
（四）某句话中某个词换成另一个行吗？为什么？
动词：不行。因为该词准确生动具体地写出了……
形容词：不行。因为该词生动形象地描写了……
副词（如都，大都，非常只有等）：不行。因为该词准确地说明了……的情况（表程度，表限制，表时间，表范围等），换了后就变成……，与事实不符。
（五）一句话中某两三个词的顺序能否调换？为什么？
不能。因为：
（1）与人们认识事物的（由浅入深、由表入里、由现象到本质）规律不一致。
（2）该词与上文是一一对应的关系。
（3）这些词是递进关系，环环相扣，不能互换。
（六）段意的概括归纳
1．记叙类文章：回答清楚（什么时间、什么地点）什么人做什么事。
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