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describe的语法特点与搭配

时间:2016-09-27 16:09:32 来源:免费论文网

篇一:固定搭配(语法)

用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系:

a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句

It is necessary that… 有必要……

It is important that… 重要的是……

It is obvious that… 很明显……

b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句

It is believed that… 人们相信……

It is known to all that… 众所周知……

It has been decided that… 已决定……

c. It + be +名词+ that-从句

It is common knowledge that… ……是常识

It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是……

It is a fact that… 事实是……

d. It +不及物动词+ that-从句

It appears that… 似乎……

It happens that… 碰巧……

It occurred to me that… 我突然想起……

固定句型: It takes sb some time to do sth

It’s no use/no good /useless/worthwhile + doing …

It’s kind/wise/clever… of sb to do sth

It’s important/necessary/hard …for sb to do sth

使用定冠词的一些固定短语,如:

make the most of; in the daytime; by the time; in the end; take the place of; at the moment; not in the least of(=not at all); in the distance; in the way; on the whole; on the right/left; on the other hand; on the contrary; at the same time; go to the cinema/theatre; by the way; go to the doctor’s; on the radio/phone; for the time being; to tell the truth; the other day; with the exception of (除……外) 等

in a way(在某种程度上) in the way(挡路、碍事) by sea(乘船)by the sea(在海边)

at school / at the school (在校读书/在学校里) at table / at the table(在吃饭 / 在桌旁)

for a moment/ for the moment(一会/暂时) have a word/have words(说句话/ 吵架)

a number of / the number of (许多/ ……的数目)on earth/ on the earth(究竟/地球上)

a second time / the second time(再一次/第二次)in red/in the red(身穿红装/负债、亏损) in future/in the future(今后/将来) in charge of/ in the charge of(负责、掌管/被掌管)

in a word/in word / in words(总之/在口头上/用语言) by day / by the day (白天 / 按天算)

out of office/ out of the office(下岗/离开办公室)at a time / at the time(每次 / 当时)

out of question/out of the question(没问题/ 不可能)take place/take the place of(发生/取代)

go to college/go to the college(上大学/到大学去) in hospital/ in the hospital(住院/在医院里)

go to church/go to the church(做礼拜/去教堂) in prison/ in the prison(坐牢/在监狱里)

at back of / at the back of 【在……(范围外的)后面 / 在……(范围内)后部】

特殊句型

1、spend ( waste )...(in) doing

2、be busy (in) doing

3、have difficulty (trouble , fun , pleasure , a good , hard time )in doing

4、stop \ prevent ...(from )doing

5、There is \ no use \ no harm \ no hurry ...(in)doing sth

定式,也可接动名词做宾语,但含义差别。

1、forget ,remember , regret +doing 动作已经发生;+to do 动作未发生

2、want ,need ,require + doing 表被动= to be done

注:be worth doing = be worthy to be done

3、try doing 试着做try to do 尽力做,想要做

4、stop doing 停止做某事,(先后是一件事).

stop to do 停下来做某事,(先后不是同一件事)

5、go on doing 继续敌某事,(先后 是同一件事 )

go on to do 接下来做某事,(先后不是同一件事)

6、mean doing 意味着做某事 mean to do 故意或想要做某事

7、can’t help doing sth 抑制不住、禁不住做某事

can’t help (to) do sth 无帮助、无助于做某事

8、only to do … 结果是…(出乎预料) only doing… 结果是… (必然是…)

9、prefer to do… rather than do … 宁愿 … 而不… prefer doing …to doing …

would rather do … than do …would do … rather than do …

10、have nothing to do /do nothing but/except do …只好做(别无选择)

enjoy doing nothing but doing … 只喜欢做… want nothing but to do … 只想做…

11、在 begin ,start ,continue 等词后可接不定式作宾语,也可接动名词作宾语,意义区别不大。

动词+ 宾语 + 带to的不定式带作宾补 ,可用于此结构的动词如下:

allow, ask, advise, beg, command, cause, encourage, expect, force, get, hate, invite, like, order, permit, prefer, remind, tell, urge,want ,wish,

表示见解、看法的动词 + 宾语 + 带to的不定式. 具有这种用法的动词有: believe, consider, declare, discover, feel, find, guess, imagine, judge, suppose, think, understand,

“短语动词 + 宾语 + 带to的不定式” 这类动词有arrange for, ask for, call on, count on, depend on, long for, rely on, wait for

(1)You can not count on Tom to help you.

(2)Chairman Mao called on us to serve the people heart and soul.

2to记11,一感二听三使役;五看一帮两均可,被动该to不能弃

篇二:describe table总结

DESCRIBE TABLE

语法:DESCRIBE TABLE itab [KIND knd] [LINES lin] [OCCURS n]

作用:判断内表itab的某些属性并把它们指定到指定的变量中。不同的选项使你能够判断表类型,当前字段行数 和 初始化需要的内存大小。

另外,系统字段sy-tfill 和 sy-tleng 保存着当前表行数量 和 以字节计的表行长度。

注:

为了更详细的关于内表的信息,应 用RTTS的方法代替语句describe table。

没有指定一个附加项,语句describe table 只设置系统字段sy-tfill 和sy-tleng的值。

1.·····KIND knd

判断内表itab的表类型,并把一个相应的字符的标识赋给字符型数据类型的数据对象knd。标识为T 时代表标准表,为S时代表排序表,为H时代表哈希表。

这些值在类型组SYDES中也被定义成常量sydes_kind-standed ,sydes_kind-sorted,sydes_kind-hashed。

例:在一个子程序中对一个一般内表进行递减排序。因为排序表不能降序排列,所以会进 行表类型检查来避免不能处理的异常。

TYPE-POOLS sydes. ... FORM sort_descending CHANGING itab TYPE ANY TABLE.

DATA tabkind(1) TYPE c.

DESCRIBE TABLE itab KIND tabkind.

IF tabkind = sydes_kind-standard OR

tabkind = sydes_kind-hashed. SORT itab DESCENDING. MESSAGE '...' TYPE 'E'. MESSAGE '...' TYPE 'E'.

ELSEIF tabkind = sydes_kind-sorted. ELSE. ENDIF. ENDFORM.

2.·····LINES lin

决定内表表行的当前数量并且把值赋给数据对象lin。

Lin为I类型的数据对象。

注:

在版本6.10中,内表表行的当前数量也可以用内建函数lines来判断。

3.·····OCCURS n

在内表用选项initial size 或者 老式的选项ocurs创建期间决定内表所需要的初始化内存大小,并把值赋给数据对象n,n为I类型的数据对象。

篇三:语法词性搭配

一.总括

1.名词/代词+连词+名词/代词????

2.名词+动词+副词??

3.形容词+名词????

4.数词+(形容词+)名词??

5.动词+介词+(地点)名词????

6.副词+动词??

7.冠词+(形容词+)名词/代词??

8.感叹词:单独使用????

1.介词后加名词 :介词的用法很广泛,也很多,很多都是+名词或动名词(*注,动名词就是动词的ing形式)

??常见的搭配列举几个:to do sth(用于动词不定式,如果不是动词不定式就要用to doing sth) about sth/doing sth of+sbon+sth into+sth等等,总之介词后面都加名词,动名词,人,代词

2.词后修饰名词:形容词修饰名词。如:??a beautiful girl, a clever boy, a big house, a wide river.

3.be动词后加形容词 :??1.be动词后+形容词(adj.),例,she is shy. (她很害羞) 还有的是be动词+形容词(+for sb)+to do sth(*注sb是某人,sth是某事)

4.动词后加副词:??副词前面已经说了,主要是修饰动词。一般的动词后面+副词(adv.),例,she plays basketball happily(她高兴地打篮球)副词修饰动词或形容词。如:??go quickly, study carefully, get up early, ??very large, much bigger, so high, rather cold.

5.??much后加不可数名词

6.??many后加可数名词……

7.系动词加形容词:常见的系动词有

make(使……)smell(闻起来)taste(尝起来)等。 seem(好像)look, feel(感觉)

8.vt 及物动词,可直接加宾语??如: i read book, read是及物动词,book 是宾语??及物动词+宾语,宾语可以是名词、代词。??不及物动词,顾名思义,没有支配对象。

9.vi 不及物动词,不可直接加宾语,需要借助介词??如:i live in beijing,live 在此是不及物动词,需要借助介词in,才能表达住在哪里,??

二.一些搭配

a:介词+名词、动词的ing形式、代词(例:how about+doing)??

b:祈使句+动词原形(例:Don't speak loudly)??物主代词(my、your、his、her、it's、our、their)+名词

c:some+可数名词的复数形式/不可数名词??many+可数名词的复数形式??a lot+可数名词的复数形式??much+不可数名词??

d:ask s.b to do s.th.(请某人干某事)??

e:like(喜欢)+动词原形/动词的ing形式

f:thanks for+动词的ing形式/名词??

g:can+动词原形??

h:either(也)只能用于否定句,且放在句末?? also

句中?? too(也)用于肯定句,且放在句末

(也)用于肯定句,且放在


describe的语法特点与搭配
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