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practise的用法

时间:2016-09-18 17:10:20 来源:免费论文网

篇一:it的用法归纳

? Never be afraid of grammar

? Collect some examples;

? Watch them very carefully;

? Find out something in common;

? Try to use the rules ---- practise.

it用法完全归纳

一、it 作人称代词的用法

1. 指事物

作为人称代词,it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如: I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。 It’s hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦,可是我乐意干。 “Where is the dog?” “It’s in the bedroom. ” “狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。

2. 指人

it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如:

Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩?

There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门,一定是邮递员。

【说明】在答语中,常用来指本人,如说 It’s me。

3. 代替某些代词

代词 it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing等。如:

“What’s this?” “It’s a new machine. ” “这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。

Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题,是吗?

二、it 作非人称代词的用法

1. 基本用法

it 作非人称代词的用法,主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如:

It’s too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。

It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。

It can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。

2. 用于某些句型

It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。

It’s time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。

It’s time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。

It’s (about / high) time + that-从句. 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式,有时也用“should+动词原形”)

It’s first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)

It’s + 时间段 + since-从句. 自从……有一段时间了。

It’s + 时间段 + before-从句. 过多长的时间才……

三、it用作形式主语

1. 基本用法

当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作句子主语时,为保持句子平衡,通常把真正的主语放在句末,而在句首使用形式主语it。如:

It’s very important to remember this. 记住这一点很重要。

It’s hard work climbing mountains. 爬山是费劲的事。

It’s unknown when he will come. 他什么时候来还不知道。

2. 用作形式主语的的重要句型

(1) It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事……

It is hard for him to make up his mind. 他很难下定决心。

It was foolish of her to say such a thing. 她说那样的话,真是太蠢了。

【说明】介词 of 与 for 的区别是:of 用于指某人的性格、属性、特征等,介词for表示对象,意为“对……来说” (from )。

(2) It takes sb + 时间段 + to do sth. 某人做某事花了……时间

It takes years to master a new language. 要花多年的时间才能掌握一门新的语言。

【说明】此句型可以有以下多变种变体:It took me an hour to write the letter. =The letter took me an hour (to write). =I took an hour to write the letter. 我写这封信花了一个小时。

(3) It is up to sb to do sth. 该由某人做某事

It’s up to you to to make the choice. 得由你来作选择。

(4) it look (seem, appear, happen, occur) that [as if]? 似

乎……

It seemed as though he didn’t recognize me. 他似乎没认出我来。

It happened that I was out when he called. 他打电话时我碰巧不在家。

(5) If it were not for? / If it hadn’t been for? 若不是因

为……

If it were not for their help, we couldn’t have got over the

difficulties. 要不是他们帮助,这些困难我们不克服不了的。

四、it用作形式宾语

1. 基本用法

当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时,通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移至句末。其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。如:

I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容

易。

I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这

儿。

We think it no use complaining. 我们认为抱怨是没有用的。

2. 用作形式宾语的几个特殊结构

(1) 动词+ it + that-从句。如:

I like it that you came. 你来了,我很高兴。

I take it (that) he will come on time. 我认为他会准时来的。 You can put it that it was arranged before. 你可以说这是以前安排的。

Rumor has it that the defence minister will soon resign. 据传

闻,国防部长不久就要辞职。

【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多,常见的有 have, take, put, like 等。

(2) 动词 + it + when (if)-从句。如:

I dislike it when you whistle. 我不爱听你吹口哨。(from

)

篇二:offer 用法

offervt.

1. 给予,提供;拿出,出示 [(+to)]

He offered me a glass of wine.他端给我一杯酒。

2. 愿意;试图(做某事);提议 [+to-v]

They offered to help me. 他们表示愿意帮助我。 He offered to lend me some books. 他表示要借给我几本书。

3. 出(价);开(价) [for]

We offered him the calculator for US$50.这计算器我们向他开价五十美元。

4. 贡献;奉献

offer vi.

1. 提议 2. (机会等)出现 She travels whenever the opportunity offers. 她一有机会就去旅行。

3. 献祭

1. 提供,提议[(+of)][+to-v]

Thank you for your kind offer of help. 感谢你想给予帮助的好意。

2. 出价;报价

I am glad to make an offer from us for 20M/T groundnuts.

3.供应;报价。(通常为短期的)减价;削价;处理价;特价 special offer :(商业广告用语)优惠 .offer有“(主动)拿给,给予”的意思,相当于give,后可接名词或代词作宾语,也可接双宾语,即offer sb sth =offer sth 1

: The young man offered the old man his own seat on the bus.那个年轻人在公共汽车上将自己的座位让给了那个老人。如 Many people willingly offered their blood.很多人自愿献血。

No food was offered at the party.聚会时没有提供食品。

2. offer作“提出、表示”解

如: Johnson offered a new suggestion.约翰逊提出了一个新建议。

We all went to offer congratulations.我们都前去表示祝贺。

The boss in the company came personally to offer us apologies.那个公司的老板亲自来向我们道歉。 The president offered no comment on the question.总统对这个问题未作评论。

3. offer后接不定式,表示“主动提出做某事”。

如: He offered to drive us to the airport, but we preferred to walk there. 他主动提出送我们去机场,但我们宁愿走路去。 She offered to lend me her bike. 她提出将自行车借给我。

The boy offered to pay for the desk he had broken.那男孩主动提出赔偿被他弄坏的桌子。

4. offer还有“出售”、“出价”的意思。

① offer sth for (money) 以多少钱出售某物

He offered this bike for 600 yuan. 这辆自行车他要价600元。

The next morning we offered our boat for only 6 dollars.第二天上午我们仅以6美元出售我们的船。 ② offer sb (money) for sth / to buy sth 出价多少购买某物

We offered him 10,000 yuan for his house. 我们愿出一万元钱来购买他的房子。

They offered him 3,000 yuan to buy the laptop.他们愿出3,000元来买他的笔记本电脑。

1. offer表示愿做某事或给予某物(后接of / to do sth)

Thank you for your kind offer of helping me. = Thank you for your kind offer to help me. 谢谢你提供的帮助。` Practise making offers and requests.练习提供帮助和请求。

2. offer有“出价”的意思。

如:

I've had an offer of $8888 for that house.有人向我出价8888 美元买那房子。

They made me an offer of ten thousand yuan for my motorbike.= They offered me ten thousand yuan for my motorbike. =They offered to buy my motorbike for ten thousand yuan.他们肯出一万元买我的摩托车。

篇三:重点词语用法

重点词语用法

1.sometimes, sometime和some time的不同含义

1)sometimes=at times,意思是“有时”,可置于句首、句中或句末。如:

①I have letters from him sometimes. 我有时候收到他的来信。

②Sometimes I come by train, but usually I come by car.

我有时坐火车来,但通常坐汽车来。

③It's sometimes warm and sometimes cold. 天气时冷时暖。

2)sometime(adv)“在某一时候”;而some time是一个名词词组,表示“一段时间”的意思。如: ①The foreign friends will come to our school sometime next week.

外国朋友将于下周某时来我们学校。

②We have known each other for some time. 我们相识有一段时间了。

2.advice的用法

advice是不可数名词,意为“劝告、忠告、建议”,可用some, much, a little, a piece of, pieces of等修饰,不能说many/a few advice。

advice常与动词搭配,构成下列词组:ask sb for advice, ask for advice,

follow/take sb's advice, give sb some advice on sth/how to do sth。如:

①Let's ask for the teacher's advice.我们去征求老师的意见吧。

②They gave a piece of advice on our work.

他们对我们的工作提出了一条建议。

③If you take my advice and work hard, you will pass the exam.

如果你听从我的劝告而努力学习,你就会通过考试。

④Can you give us some advice on how to improve our English?

你能给我们提一些关于怎样提高英语水平的建议吗?

【注意】on sb's advice 表示“按照某人的建议”。如:

①Did you act on the professor's advice? 你是按教授的建议去做的吗?

②On the doctor's advice, he gave up smoking. 听了医生的建议,他戒烟了。

3.follow的用法

1)=come, arrive, go or leave after跟随;或=come next in time表示(时间或次序)接着,随着 ①She followed him into the room. 她跟着他进入房间。

②The teacher was followed by a group of students.

老师后面跟着一群学生。

③Monday follows Sunday. 星期天之后是星期一。

2)=understand领悟,明白

①You are speaking too fast and we can't quite follow you.

你讲得太快,我们不太懂你的意思。

3)=accept or take采纳

①I decide to follow his advice.我决定听从他的建议。

4)= go along沿……而行

①Follow(= go down) the path and you will see the farm-house.

顺着这条小路走,你就会看到那座农舍。

5)形容词following与the连用表示“接着的,其次的,下列的”。

①in the following year次年(= next)

4.some[s)m] adj. 的用法

1)some用于肯定句中,意为“一些,若干;有些”。例如:

①I have some questions to ask. 我有一些问题要问。

②Not all wood is hard, some wood is soft.

木料不一定都硬,也有软的。

2)some用于疑问句中,表示盼望得到肯定的答复或表示建议、请求等。例如:

①Aren't there some envelopes in that drawer?

那个抽屉里不是还有几只信封吗?

②Would you have some tea? 您喝茶吗?

3)some可表示“某一”之意。例如:

①He is working at some place in the north.

他在北方某地工作。

②Some person at the door is asking to see you. 门口有人要见你。

【注意】some还可用作代词,既可代替可数名词,也可代替不可数名词。

例如:

①Some of it is good. 其中一部分是好的。

②Some answered yes and some(或 others) answered no. 有的回答“是”,有的回答“不是”。

5.either的用法

either['aiJ+, 'i:J+] 可用作adj., pron., adv., conj.

1)either作代词时,意为“两者之一”,可单独使用,也可和of连用。of后面接复数名词,名词前面要用一个物主代词,指示代词或定冠词等。例如:

①Did you serve either of my last two campaigns?

我的上两次战役,你参加过其中的一次吗?

2)“either of+ 名词词组”结构在句中作主语时,动词一般用单数。例如:

①Either of the girls is capable of doing the job.

这两个女孩子都有能力做这项工作。

3)either也可用作形容词,一般指“这个或那个”,表示两者之中任一个。

例如:

①You may use either hoe.两把锄头中你可以随便用哪一把。

4)either也可用作副词,用于否定句或否定词组后加强语气,意为“也,而且,根本”。例如: ①If he doesn't go, I won't, either. 如果他不去,我也不去。

5)either 也可用作连词。意思是“或者,要么(一般只用于either…or的结构中)”。例如: ①Either you come in person, or you entrust someone with the matter.

你要么自己来,要么托人办理此事。

6.want[w&nt] vt. 的用法

1)表示“想,要,希望”之意:

(1)跟不定式:

①She wants to go Italy. 他想到意大利去。 【注意】want一般不宜用进行时,但有时用进行时强调,“一直想”。

例如:

②The children are always wanting to see you. 孩子们老想见你。

(2)跟带不定式的复合结构:

①She wants me to go with her. 她让我跟她一起去。

(3)跟带分词的复合结构:

①Do you want this box opened?你要把这匣子打开吗?

②We don't want you getting into trouble. 我们不希望你碰到麻烦。

(4)跟名词或代词:

①You are wanted on the phone. 有你的电话。

②What do you want? 你要什么?

2)表示“需要(接近need)”之意:

(1)跟名词或代词:

①Do you want anything more? 你还要别的吗?

②These flowers want water. 这些花需要水。

(2)跟动词-ing形式:

①The room wants cleaning(=to be cleaned).房间需要打扫。

(3)表示“短缺;差”之意。如:

①It wants half an hour to the appointed time.

到约定的时间还有半小时。

②The book wants a page at the end. 书的结尾缺一页。

7.improve[im' pru:v] vt. 改善,改进,提高。例如:

①The factory is continuously improving the quality of their products.

这个工厂正在不断提高他们的产品质量。

②The soil has been much improved.土壤已被改良。

③The machine was improved by a young worker.

这台机器是由一位青年工人改良的。

④This is not good enough; I want to improve it.

这还不够好,我要加以改进。

⑤He gave us some advice on how to improve my English.

他就如何提高我的英语水平给了我一些忠告。

⑥Their life has been much improved.

他们的生活有了很大改善。

【注意】 improvement n. 改进,改良(不可数名词)。例如:

①There was some improvement in his health.

他健康方面有些好转。

8.about的用法

about[+'baut] prep. 关于,对于。注意在不同的场合下有不同的译法。其主要用法如下:

1)和某些动词连用:

①I want to consult you. It's about Xiao Li.

我想跟你商量一下,是关于小李的事。

②Did she say anything about what to do?

她说怎么办了吗?

③What have you been thinking about? 你在想什么?

④He doesn' t worry much about me. 他并不太为我着急。

⑤He used to care only about his own family.

过去他只关心自己一家。

2)和某些形容词连用:

①He said he was sorry about it. 他说这事他很抱歉。

②He doesn't seem to be very happy about it.

对这他似乎不太高兴。

③We were anxious about him.我们都很为他着急。

④I was a bit uneasy about leaving them like that.

就这样离开了他们,我感到有点不安。

3)和某些名词或代词连用:

①It was a story about slum life in Chicago.

这是一篇关于芝加哥贫民窟生活情况的故事。

②I have sent you all the information I have about it.

我把所了解的这方面的情况都告诉你了。

③I have expressed my ideas about this before.

过去我发表过关于这问题的看法。

④I learned something about how radios are made.

我对无线电是怎样制造的有了一些了解。

4)和一些词组连用:

①We mustn't be in a hurry about such things.

这种事情我们不能匆忙行事。

②They are divided in their opinions about it.

对此他们意见有分歧。

③He did not know what to do about it. 他不知如何是好。

④She asked me a few questions about how I felt.

他就我的感受问了几个问题。

9.prepare[pri'p#+]v.准备;调制,配制。例如:

①The teacher has already prepared his lessons.

老师已经备了课。

②Our headmaster is preparing a report for radio broadcast.

我们校长正在给电台广播准备一篇讲稿。

③The secretary is busy preparing the rnaterials for the party.

秘书正忙着给晚会准备材料。

【注意】

1)短语prepare for 表示“为……做准备”。例如:

①It took us a week to prepare for the mid-term examination.

我们花了一周的时间准备期中考试。

2)be prepared to do something 意为“有能力而且愿意做某事”。例如: ①That company is prepared to supply the seed the peasants asked for.

农民们要的种子,那家公司有能力而且愿意供应。

10.practise 的用法

1)practise用作及物动词时后面可接名词、动名词,不能接不定式。practise的基本意思是“练习”、“训练”,也可用来表示“实行”和“开业从事于”。如:

①She has been practising the some tune on the piano for nearly an hour.

她在钢琴上一直练同一个调子已近一个小时了。

②They're practising singing the new song.

他们正在练习唱那首新歌。

③We practised pronouncing the sound again and again.

我们一遍又一遍地练习发这个音。

④It's very important to practise listening.

练习听力是非常重要的。

⑤He practised tennis/the piano for two hours every day.

他每天下午练两个小时网球/钢琴。

⑥Our income is getting smaller and we have to practise economy.

我们的收入变少了,所以只好厉行节约。

⑦He began to practise medicine/the law in his early twenties.

他在二十刚出头时就开业行医/开始做律师了。

2)practise可用作不及物动词

① Practise more and you'll make progress.

勤练习,你一定会进步的。

②Don' t forget to practise after class. 课后别忘了练习。

【注意】 practise的名词是 practice,两词发音一样,practice为不可数名词。Practice makes perfect. 是一句谚语,意思是“熟能生巧”。 put the idea into practice表示“把思想付诸实践”。

11.explanation 的用法

explanation n. 解释。可有复数形式explanations; give explanation of/for sth.对……加以解释。

【注意】在下列句中几个词义的区别:

①What's your explanation for being late?

你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗? ②What' s your reason for being late?你为什么迟到? ③What' s your excuse for being late again?

这次你又为迟到找出什么借口来了?(很不满意)

重要词组短语

1.pick up的六种用法

1)拾起,拿起。如:

①The boy picked up all his toys and put them into a box.

那男孩把所有的玩具都捡起来,放在一只盒子里。

②She picked up a magazine that was lying on the table.

她拿起摆在桌上的一本杂志。

2)(用车辆)去接(某人),(在中途)搭载。如:

①He stopped the car to pick up an old man.他停下来让一位老人搭车。

②We'll send someone to pick him up. 我们将派人用车把他接走。

3)(从收音机里)收到,接收。如:

①My radio can pick up“Follow Me”very clearly.

我的收音机收听“跟我学”很清楚。

②Can you pick up London on the radio?

你的收音机能收听到伦敦的电台吗?

4)(跌倒后)站起来。如:

①I slipped and fell, but I quickly picked myself up.

我滑倒了,但很快就爬了起来。

5)偶然找到,偶然学会或获得。如:

①In his fifties, he picked up another language.

他在五十几岁时,自学了另一门语言。

6)恢复(健康)。如:

①This patient is beginning to pick up now.现在这位病人开始恢复健康了。

②You'll soon pick up your health when you go to the countryside.

你到了乡下很快会恢复健康的。


practise的用法
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